Nanotechnology, a promising field of research opens up in the present decade a wide array of opportunities in the present decade and is expected to give major impulses to technical innovations in a variety of industrial sectors in the future. The potential uses and benefits of nanotechnology are enormous. These include agricultural productivity enhancement involving nanoporous zeolites for slow release and efficient dosage of water and fertilizer, nanocapsules for herbicide delivery and vector and pest management and nanosensors for pest detection. The atom by atom arrangement allows the manipulation of nanoparticles thus influencing their size, shape and orientation for reaction with the targeted tissues. It is now known that many insects possess ferromagnetic materials in the head, thorax and abdomen, which act as geomagnetic sensors. In this paper, our discussion is focused on nanoparticles in insects and their potential for use in insect pest management.

Abstract

Condensation of phthalimidoacetone (1) with DMFDMA (N,N-Dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal) has afforded enaminone 2. Refluxing 2 with equimolecular amounts of benzaldehyde and urea in acetic acid afforded a mixture of tetrahydropyrimidine 5 and the dihydropyridine 6. Compound 2 undergoes self-condensation on heating in acetic acid or under microwave irradiation in presence of acidic zeolite to give 1,3,5-triacylbenzene 9. Reacting enaminone 11a with naphthoquinone 15 afforded the naphthofuran 18. The possible formation of the aldehyde 19 was excluded based on an HMQC experiment, which revealed that the carbonyl carbon is not linked to any hydrogen.

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Abstract

Abstract

The sorptive
removal of nickel ion from aqueous solutions using modified ZSM-5 zeolites was
investigated. Experiments were carried out as a function of solute concentration
and different temperatures. Mesoporous material of ZSM-5 zeolite was modified
with phosphoric acid by wet method. The modified zeolite was converted to
Na⁺ form using aqueous NaHCO3 solution. The Na⁺ form of
modified zeolite, represented as PNa_2--ZSM-5 was characterized by
XRD, BET, SEM and AAS techniques. It was then tested for ion exchange with
aqueous Ni(SO₄) solution. The NNi₂₊ content of the
solution was analyzed by AAS. Phosphoric acid modified
PNa_2--ZSM-5 zeolite shows higher adsorption capacity than the
parent Na-Y zeolite. Equilibrium modeling data were fit to linear Langmuir model
then the Freundlich model. These parameter confirmed that sorption of
Ni²⁺ is feasible spontaneous and endothermic.

Abstract

Abstract